2016九年級英語知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
2016九年級英語知識點(diǎn)Unit 1
一、知識點(diǎn)
1.Check in : 在旅館的登記入住。 Check out: 在旅館結(jié)賬離開。
2.By: ①通過…..方式(途徑)。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.
②在…..旁邊。例：by the window/the door
③乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car
④在……之前，到……為止。例：by October在10月前
⑤被 例：English is spoken by many people.
3.how與what的區(qū)別：
how通常對方式或程度提問，意思有：怎么樣 如何，通常用來做狀語、表語。
what通常對動作的發(fā)出者或接受者提問，意思為 什么，通常做賓語，主語。
①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度 做表語)
②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.
③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.
① What…think of…? How…like…?
② What…do with…? How…deal with…?
③ What…like about…? How…like…?
④ What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today?
⑤ What to do? How to do it?
e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book?
I don’t know what I should do with the matter.=I don’t know how I should deal with it.
What do you like about China?=How do you like China?
I don’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step?
㊣ What good / bad weather it is today!(weather為不可數(shù)名詞，其前不能加 a )
㊣ What a fine / bad day it is today! (day為可數(shù)名詞，其前要加 a )
4. aloud, loud與loudly的用法 : 三個(gè)詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關(guān)。
①aloud是副詞,重點(diǎn)在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大,
常用在讀書或說話上。通常放在動詞之后。aloud沒有比較級形式。
如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。
②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時(shí),常與speak, talk, laugh等動詞連用,多用于比較級,須放在動詞之后。如:
She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說大聲一點(diǎn)。
③loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時(shí)兩者可替換使用,但往往
含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位于動詞之前或之后。如:
He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不當(dāng)眾大聲談笑。
5. voice 指人的嗓音 也指鳥鳴。
sound 指人可以聽到的各種聲音。
noise 指噪音、吵鬧聲
6. find + 賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)(名詞 形容詞 介詞短語 分詞等)
例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.
We found him in bed. He found the window closed.
We found her honest.
7. 常見的系動詞有：
①是：am 、is、 are
②保持：keep、 stay
③ 轉(zhuǎn)變：become、 get、 turn
④ ……起來 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound
8. get + 賓語+賓補(bǔ)(形容詞 過去分詞 動詞不定式) 使某種情況發(fā)生
例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干凈
Get Mr. Green to come. 讓格林先生進(jìn)來
I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行車
You can’t get him waiting. 你不能讓他老等著
9. 動詞不定式做定語
①與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系
The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.
②與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系
I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.
I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in.
10. practice , fun 做名詞為不可數(shù)名詞
11. add 補(bǔ)充說 又說
12. join 加入某團(tuán)體 并成為其中一員 attend 出席參加會議或講座
join in與take part in指參加到某項(xiàng)活動中去。
13.all、 both、 always以及every復(fù)合詞與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。其完全否定為：all---none, both---neither, everything---nothing, everybody---nobody.
14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.害怕 be afraid of being alone
be afraid to do sth.害怕
be afraid that恐怕?lián)模硎疚裾Z氣
15.either：①放在否定句末表示“也”
②兩者中的“任一”
③either…or…或者…或者.…引導(dǎo)主語部分，謂語動詞按照就近原則
16.complete完成，是個(gè)較正式的詞，后不能接動名詞
finish指日常事物的完成
17.a,an 與序數(shù)詞連用表示“又一”，“再一”。
例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.
18.have trouble/difficult/problem (in) doing….. 干…..遇到麻煩，困難
19.unless 除非，如果不，等于“if not”本身就表示否定，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，主句為將來時(shí)，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。
例：My baby sister doesn’t cry unless she’s hungry.
=My baby sister doesn’t cry if she isn’t hungry.
Unless you take more care, you’ll have an accident.
如果你不多加小心的話，你會出事的。
20.instead: adv. 代替，更換。
例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead?
我們沒有咖啡了，改喝茶好嗎?
It will take days by car, so let’s fly instead.
開車去要好幾天呢，咱們還是坐飛機(jī)吧。
Tom was ill, so I went instead.湯姆病了，所以換了我去。
instead of doing sth. 作為某人或某事物的替換
例：Let’s play cards instead of watching TV.
We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.
Give me the red one instead of the green one.
21.spoken 口頭的，口語的。spoken English 口頭英語
speaking 講話的，說某種語言的。Speaking skills講英語的能力
22. 提建議的句子：
①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
23. a lot 許多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了許多。
24. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如：I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想說。
25. not …at all 一點(diǎn)也不 根本不 如：
I like milk very much. I don’t like coffee at all.
我非常喜歡牛奶。我一點(diǎn)也不喜歡咖啡。
not經(jīng)常可以和助動詞結(jié)合在一起，at all 則放在句尾
26.be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth.
=== be excited to do sth. 對…感興奮 如：
I am / get excited about going to Beijing.===
I am excited to go to Beijing. 我對去北京感到興奮。
27. ① end up doing sth 終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事 如：
The party ended up singing. 晚會以唱歌而結(jié)束。
② end up with sth. 以…結(jié)束 如：
The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她的歌唱而告終。
28. first of all 首先
. to begin with 一開始
later on 后來、隨
29. also 也、而且(用于肯定句)常在句子的中間
either 也(用于否定句)常在句末
too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末=as well
30. make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)
mistake sb. for …把……錯(cuò)認(rèn)為……
make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出錯(cuò)
by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地;由于搞錯(cuò)
mistake---mistook----mistaken
如：I often make mistakes. 我經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)。
I mistook him for his brother.我錯(cuò)把他認(rèn)成了他的哥哥。
make a mistake 犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤 如： I have made a mistake.
我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。
31. laugh at sb. 笑話;取笑(某人)
如：Don’t laugh at me!不要取笑我!
32. take notes 做筆記，做記錄
33. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做…樂意做… 如：
She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。
enjoy oneself 過得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過得愉快。
34. native speaker 說本族語的人
35. one of +(the+ 形容詞比較級)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 …其中之一
如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受歡迎的教師之一。
36. It’s +形容詞+(for sb. ) to do sth. (對于某人來說)做某事…
如：It’s difficult (for me ) to study English.對于我來說學(xué)習(xí)英語太難了。
句中的it 是形式主語，真正的主語是to study English
37. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事 如：
She often practice speaking English. 她經(jīng)常練習(xí)說英語。
38. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 如：
LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。
39. deal with 處理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem.
40. worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人/ 某事
如：Mother worried about his son just now. 媽媽剛才擔(dān)心他的兒子。
41. be angry with sb. 對某人生氣 如：
I was angry with her. 我對她生氣。
42. perhaps === maybe 也許
43. go by (時(shí)間) 過去 如： Two years went by. 兩年過去了。
44. see sb. / sth. doing 看見某人正在做某事 強(qiáng)調(diào)正在發(fā)生
see sb. / sth. do 看見某人在做某事 如：
如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看見他正在教室里畫畫。
45. each other 彼此
46. regard… as … 把…看作為…. 如：
The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。
47. too many 許多 修飾可數(shù)名詞 如：too many girls
too much 許多 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 如：too much milk
much too 太 修飾形容詞 如：much too beautiful
48. change… into… 將…變?yōu)?amp;hellip;
如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 這個(gè)魔術(shù)師將這本書變?yōu)橐槐緯?/p>
49. with the help of sb. == with one’s help 在某人的幫助下
如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei’s help 在李雷的幫助下
50. compare … to … 把…與…相比
如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸運(yùn)的。
二、短語：
1.by making flashcards 通過做單詞抽認(rèn)卡
2. ask…for help 向某人求助
3.read aloud 朗讀
4.that way (=in that way) 通過那種方式
5.improve my speaking skills 提高我的會話技巧
6.for example (=for instance)例如
7.have fun 玩得高興
8.have conversations with friends 與朋友對話
9.get excited 高興，激動
10.end up speaking in Chinese 以說漢語結(jié)束對話
11.do a survey about… 做有關(guān)…的調(diào)查
12.keep an English notebook 記英語筆記
13.spoken English (= oral English) 英語口語
14.make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤
15.get the pronunciation right 使發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確
16.practise speaking English 練習(xí)說英語
17.first of all 首先
18.begin with 以…開始
19.later on隨后
20.in class在課堂上
21.laught at 嘲笑
22.take notes 記筆記
23.enjoy doing 喜歡干…
24.write down 寫下，記下
25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查詢
26.native speakers 說本族話的人
27.make up 編造，虛構(gòu)，化妝，打扮
28.around the world 全世界
29.deal with 對待，處理，解決
30.worry about (be worried about) 擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂
31.be angry with 生某人的氣
32.stay angry 生氣
33.go by 消逝
34. regard…as… 把…當(dāng)做…
35.complain about/of 抱怨
36. change…into… 把…變成… (= turn into)
37.with the help of 在…的幫助下
38. compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比較
39.think of (think about) 想起，想到
40.physical problems身體上的問題
41.break off 中斷，突然終止
42. not…at all 根本不，全然不
三、句子
1.How do you study for a test? 你怎樣為考試做準(zhǔn)備?
2.I have learned a lot that way. 用那種方法，我已經(jīng)學(xué)到了很多東西。
3.It’s too hard to understand the voice. 聽懂那些聲音太難了。
4.Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.
記流行歌曲的詞也起作用。
5. Wei Ming feels differently. 衛(wèi)明有不同的感受。
6.He finds watching movies frustrating. 他覺得看電影讓人感到沮喪.
7.She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all.
她又說和朋友對話根本沒用。
8.I don’t have a partner to practice English with.
我沒有搭檔一起練習(xí)英語。
9.Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.隨后，我認(rèn)識到聽不懂每個(gè)詞并沒有關(guān)系。
10.It’s amazing how much this helped. 我驚異于這些方法竟如此有用。
11.My teacher is very impressed. 給老師留下了深刻的印象。
12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很難造出完整的句子。
13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么?
14.Most people speak English as a second language.
英語對于大多數(shù)人來說是第二語言。
15.How do we deal with our problem? 我們怎樣處理我們的問題?
16.It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在老師的幫助下盡我們最大的努力來應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)是我們的責(zé)任。
He can’t walk or even speak.他無法走路，甚至無法說話
2016九年級英語知識點(diǎn)Unit 2
一、知識點(diǎn)
1. used to 過去常常做某事,暗指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不存在的動作或狀態(tài). 后跟動詞原形. used to do sth.
There used to be ….(反意疑問句)didn’t there?
否定形式為: didn’t use to 或 usedn’t to
疑問形式為: Did…use to…? 或 Used…to…?
be/get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于, to 為介詞.
2. wear 表示狀態(tài). =be in +顏色的詞
put on 表示動作.
dress + 人 給某人穿衣服.dress sb. / oneself
have on表示狀態(tài)(不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))
3. on the swim team on 是…的成員,在…供職
4. Don’t you remember me? 否定疑問句.(考點(diǎn))
Yes, I do. 不, 我記得. No, I don’t 是的, 我不記得了.
5. 反意疑問句:
① 陳述部分的主語為 this, that, 疑問部分主語用it; 陳述部分主語用 these, those, 疑問部分用they 做主語.
例: This is a new story, isn’t it?
Those are your parents, aren’t they?
② 陳述部分是 there be 結(jié)構(gòu), 疑問部分仍用 there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn’t there?
③ I am 后的疑問句, 用aren’t I
例: I am in Class 2, aren’t I?
④ 陳述部分與含有 not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等詞時(shí),疑問部分用肯定.
例: Few people liked this movie, didn’t they?
但陳述句中若帶有否定前綴或后綴的單詞時(shí), 這個(gè)句子仍視為肯定, 后面仍用否定.
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn’t she?
⑤ 陳述部分的主語若為不定式或 V-ing 短語, 疑問部分主語用it.
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn’t it?
⑥ 陳述句中主語是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代詞時(shí),疑問部分用they做主語; 若陳述部分主語是 something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代詞時(shí), 疑問部分用it 做主語.
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they?
Everything seems perfect, doesn’t it?
⑦ 當(dāng)主語是第一人稱I時(shí), 若謂動為think, believe, guess 等詞時(shí), 且其后跟賓叢,這時(shí)疑問句部分的人稱, 時(shí)態(tài)要與賓語從句保持一致, 同時(shí)還要考慮否定轉(zhuǎn)移.
例: I don’t think he can finish the work in time, can he?
⑧ 前面是祈使句, 后用 will you? (let’s 開頭時(shí), 后用shall we?)
6. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.
7. miss: ① 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days.
② 錯(cuò)過, 未中, 未趕上, 未找到.
例: It’s a pity that you miss the bus.
The boy shot at the goal, but missed.
8. no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次數(shù);
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指時(shí)間.
9. right: ① adj. 正確的, 右邊的② n. 右方, 權(quán)利③ adv. 直接地.
10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.
11. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常與can, be able to 連用.
例: Can you afford a new car?
The film couldn’t afford to pay such large salaries.
12. as well as 連詞, 不但…而且… 強(qiáng)調(diào)前者. (若引導(dǎo)主語, 謂動與前者在人稱和數(shù)上一致
例: Living things need air and light as well as water.
生命不僅需要水, 還需要空氣和陽光.
I as well as they am ready to help you.
不僅是他們, 我也愿意幫助你.
13. alone = by oneself 獨(dú)自一人. lonely 孤獨(dú)的, 寂寞的.
14. in the last/past + 一段時(shí)間
during the last/past + 一段時(shí)間 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用.
15. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)
16. play the piano 彈鋼琴
17. ①be/ become interested in sth. 對…感興趣
②be interested in doing sth. 對做…感興趣
③show great interest in 在……方面產(chǎn)生極大的興趣
④a place of interest 一處名勝 some places of interest
如：He is interested in math, but he isn’t interested in speaking
English. 他對數(shù)學(xué)感興趣，但是他對說英語不感興趣。
⑤ interested adj. 感興趣的，指人對某事物感興趣，往往主語是人
⑥ interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語往往是物
⑦ an interesting book / man
18. 害怕… be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.
19. on 副詞，表示(電燈、電視、機(jī)械等)在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中/打開，
其反義詞off. with the light on 燈開著
20. walk to somewhere 步行到某處 walk to school 步行到學(xué)校
21.spend 動詞，表示“花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花費(fèi)(金錢、時(shí)間)
②spend…doing sth. 花費(fèi)(金錢、時(shí)間)去做某事 如：
He spends too much time on clothes. 他花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間在衣著
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花費(fèi)了三個(gè)月去建這座橋。
pay for 花費(fèi)
如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元買這本書。
take動詞 有“花費(fèi)”的意思 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：
It take(s) sb. … to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.
22. chat with sb. 與某人閑聊 如：I like to chat with him.
我喜歡和他聊天。
23. worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事 worry 是動詞
be worried about sb./sth. 擔(dān)心某人/某事 worried 是形容詞
如：Don’t worry about him. 不用擔(dān)心他。
Mother is worried about her son. 媽媽擔(dān)心他的兒子。
24. all the time 一直、始終
25. take sb. to + 地方 送/帶某人去某個(gè)地方 如：
A person took him to the hospital. 一個(gè)人把他送到了醫(yī)院。
Lui took me home. 劉把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
26. hardly adv. 幾乎不、沒有 hard 困難的;猛烈地
hardly ever 很少
hardly 修飾動詞時(shí)，通常放在助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后，實(shí)義
動詞之前 助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+hardly
hardly + 實(shí)義動詞 如：
I can hardly understand them. 我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛎靼姿麄儭?/p>
I hardly have time to do it. 我?guī)缀鯖]有時(shí)間去做了。
It rains hard outside, I could hardly go out.
27. in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內(nèi) 常與完成時(shí)連用 如：
I have lived in China in the last few years. 在過去的幾年內(nèi)我在中國住。
28. be different from 與…不同
29. how to swim 怎樣游泳
不定式與疑問詞連用：動詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用，構(gòu)成不定工短語。如：
The question is when to start. 問題是什么時(shí)候開始。
I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。
30. make sb./ sth. + 形容詞 make you happy
make sb./ sth. + 動詞原形 make him laugh
31. move to +地方 搬到某地 如：I moved to Beijing last year.
32.It seems that +從句 看起來好像…… 如：
It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起來他好像變了許多。
33. help sb. with sth. 幫某人某事
help sb. (to ) do sth. 幫某人做某事
She helped me with English. 她幫助我學(xué)英語。
She helped me (to) study English。 她幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語。
34. fifteen-year-old 作形容詞 15歲的
fifteen-year-olds 作名詞指15歲的人
fifteen years old 指年齡 15歲 如：
a fifteen-year-old boy 一個(gè)15歲的男孩
Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15歲的人喜歡唱歌。
I am fifteen years old . 我是15歲。
35.支付不起… can’t /couldn’t afford to do sth.
can’t / couldn’t afford sth.
如：I can’t/couldn’t afford to buy the car.
I can’t/couldn’t afford the car. 我買不起這個(gè)輛小車。
36. as + 形容詞./副詞+as sb. could/can 盡某人的…能力 如：
Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她盡她最快的能力去跑。
37. get into trouble with 遇到麻煩
38. in the end 最后
39. make a decision 下決定 下決心
40. to one’s surprise 令某人驚訝 如：
to their surprise 令他們驚訝 to LiLei’s surprise令李雷驚訝
41. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪 如：
His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸總是以他而自豪
42. pay attention to sth. 對…注意，留心 如：
You must pay attention to your friend. 你應(yīng)該多注意你的朋友。
43. be able to do sth. 能做某事 如：
She is able to do it. 她能夠做到。
44. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事 如：
My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已經(jīng)放棄吸煙了。
復(fù)合句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)化：
① when ------ at the age of …
② so…that…----- too… to…. / enough to …
③ so that…------ in order to do sth.
④ because…----- because of…
⑤ if ….----- without / with…
⑥ if…----- 祈使句+ and / or + 簡單句
⑦ 賓語從句----特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式
⑧ be afraid
be sure that +從句---- 動詞不定式
be sorry
⑨ It seems / seemed that sb….------ sb. seems / seemed to do sth.
⑩ Sb. hopes / hoped that ….-------sb. hopes / hoped to do sth.
二、短語
1. be more interested in 對…更感興趣.
2. on the swim team 游泳隊(duì)的隊(duì)員.
3. be terrified of 害怕.
4. gym class 體操課.
5. worry about. 擔(dān)心.
6. all the time 一直, 總是
7. chat with 與…閑聊
8. hardly ever 幾乎從不
9. walk to school = go to school on foot
take the bus to school = go to school by bus
10. as well as 不僅…而且
11. get into trouble 遇到麻煩
12. make a decision 做出決定
13. to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是
14. take pride in 為…感到驕傲
15. pay attention to 留心, 注意
16. consist of 由…組成/構(gòu)成. be made up of 由…組成/構(gòu)成.
17. instead of 代替, 而不是
18. in the end 最后, 終于
19. play the piano 彈鋼琴
三、句子
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我開著臥室的燈睡覺.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常常花很多時(shí)間和我的朋友們玩游戲.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我?guī)缀鯖]有時(shí)間去聽音樂會.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那會使你緊張的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎變化很大.
2016九年級英語知識點(diǎn)Unit 3
一、知識點(diǎn)
①英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和補(bǔ)動語態(tài)
主動語態(tài)表示是動作的執(zhí)行者
被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者
Cats eat fish. (主動語態(tài))貓吃魚。
Fish is eaten by cats. (被動語態(tài))魚被貓吃。
②被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
由“助動詞be +及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成
助動詞be 有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be 作為連系動詞時(shí)完全一樣。
時(shí)態(tài)
被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)
例句
一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)
am
are +過去分詞
is
English is spoken in many countries.
一般過去 時(shí)
was +過去分詞
were + 過去分詞
This bridge was built in 1989.
情 態(tài)
動 詞
can/should
may +be+過去分詞
must/……
The work must be done right now.
③被動語態(tài)的用法
當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動語態(tài)。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事(主動語態(tài))如：
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 媽媽允許我每晚看電視。
be allowed to do sth. 被允許做某事(被動語態(tài))如：
LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允許去欽州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
讓/使(別人)做某事 get sth. done(過去分詞)
have sth. done 如：
I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired. 我讓別人修好我的車
I want to have my hair cut. 我要理發(fā).
4. enough 足夠
形容詞+enough 如：beautiful enough 足夠漂亮
enough+名詞 如：enough food 足夠食物
enough to 足夠…去做… 如：
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。
She is old enough to go to school.她夠大去讀書了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.請停止說話。
stop to do sth. 停止下來去做某事 Please stop to speak. 請停下來說話。
6. 看起來好像…sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +從句
He seems to feel very sad.
It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起來好像很傷心。
7.倒裝句:
由so+助動詞(be/do/will/have)/情態(tài)動詞+主語 意為：…也是一樣
Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語(前為否定) 表示與前面所述事實(shí)一致.
She is a student. So am I. 她是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he. 她將去學(xué)校，他也是。
Tom can’t swim. Neither can John.
8. yet 仍然，還 常用在否定句或疑問句當(dāng)中 可與although/though連用
9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我經(jīng)常熬夜到12點(diǎn)。
10. clean up 打掃 整理 如：
I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已經(jīng)打掃完了臥室。
11. 程度副詞：
always總是 usually經(jīng)常 sometimes有時(shí) never從不
如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.
我總是/經(jīng)常/有時(shí)/從不上學(xué)遲到。
12. 曾經(jīng)做某事：
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
13. go shopping(去購物), go fishing(去釣魚)
go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去劃船)
go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)
14. .be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.
例: The head teacher is strict with his students
He is strict in the work.
15. take the test 參加考試
pass the test 通過考試 fail a test 考試失敗
16. the other day前幾天,不久前的一天.(用于過去時(shí))
every other day = every two days 每隔一天 (每兩天)
17. agree 同意 反義詞 disagree不同意 動詞
agreement 同意 反義詞 disagreement 不同意 名詞
18. keep sb/ sth. +形容詞 使某人/某物保持…. 如：
We should keep our city clean.(cleaningⅹ)我們應(yīng)該保持我們的城市干凈。
Don’t keep me waiting for a long time.別讓我等得太久。
19. both…and… +動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式
如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向誰學(xué)習(xí)(什么) 如：
Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英語老師學(xué)習(xí)英語
21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有機(jī)會做某事
have a chance of doing sth. 有機(jī)會做某事
如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.
22. at present 目前
23. at least 最少 at most 最多
24. 花費(fèi) take ,cost, spend , pay
It take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.
sb. spend …doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book.
sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +時(shí)間段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off
off 不工作,不上班,不上學(xué),不值班.
例: I think I’ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班.
She is off today. 她今天休息.
I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.
They haven’t had a day off since last week. 從上周來,他們沒休息過一天.
26. reply to 答復(fù)某人 如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.
28. get in the way of 礙事，妨礙 如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社會生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。
29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv.
30. think about 與think of 的區(qū)別
①當(dāng)兩者譯為： 認(rèn)為、想起、記著時(shí)，兩者可互用
I often think about/ of that day. 我經(jīng)常想起那天。
②think about 還有“考慮”之意 ，think of 想到、想出時(shí)兩者不能互用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一個(gè)好主意。
We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我們正在考慮去欽州。
31. 對… 熱衷， 對…興趣
be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她對跳舞熱衷。
be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她對他感興趣。
32. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事 She often practice speaking English.
33. care about sb. 關(guān)心某人 如：Mother often care about her son.
34. also 也 用于句中
either也 用于否定句且用于句末
too=as well 也 用于肯定句且用于句末
I am also a student. 我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生
I am a student too. 我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生。
I am not a student either. 我也不是一個(gè)學(xué)生。
35.allow sb to do sth 允許某人做… allow doing sth 允許做…
36.stupid silly foolish 三個(gè)詞都有“蠢”的意思.但略有不同.stupid 程度最強(qiáng),指智力 理解力 學(xué)習(xí)能力差. silly 指頭腦簡單,傻頭傻腦,使人覺得可笑,帶有感情色彩. foolish 尤其在口語中廣泛使用.
例: He is stupid in learning math. 他學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)很笨.
Stop asking such silly questions. 別再問這樣傻的問題了.
You are foolish to throw away such a good chance.
你真蠢,丟掉這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會.
37.He doesn’t seem to have many friends.
=It seems that he doesn’t have many friends.
=He seems not to have many friends.
38.clean (v.) 打掃,清理
clean up 比較徹底地打掃,清理 clean out 打掃,清理地最徹底.
39.concentrate on… 全神貫注做…
例: He decided to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam.
This company concentrates on China market.
這家公司把重點(diǎn)放在中國市場上.
40. more…than…①與其說…不如說…; 比…更…
例: The man is more stupid than nervous.
與其說那人緊張,倒不如說他愚蠢.
②在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,more做adj. 修飾名詞,表示“比…多”
例:I have more books than you. 我的書比你的多.
41.volunteer ① n. 自愿者. ② v. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做…
例: We all volunteered to help in the old people’s home.
我們都志愿到敬老院幫忙.
42. get in the way (of)... 妨礙...
例: He never gets in others’ way. 他從不妨礙別人.
The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車放在那里會妨礙別人的.
43. success (n.) successful (adj.) succeed (v.)
44. only 處于句首,并后跟狀語時(shí),全句需要倒裝.
例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那時(shí),他才明白.
Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有這樣我們才能把英語學(xué)好.
Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 當(dāng)她到家時(shí),他才得知了這消息.
45. care about 關(guān)心,在乎,在意.
例: No one cares about others nowadays. 現(xiàn)在沒人關(guān)心別人.
I don’t care about what he does. 我并不在意他干什么.
二、短語
1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干…
allow sb to do sth 允許某人干…
allow doing sth 允許干…
2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16歲的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼職工作
4. a driver’s license 駕照
5. on weekends 在周末
6. at that age 在那個(gè)年齡段
7. on school nights 在上學(xué)期間的每個(gè)晚上
8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相當(dāng)與及物動詞) 清掃
10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格
11. take the test 參加考試
12. the other day 前幾天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同學(xué)
14. concentrate on 全神貫注于
15. be good for 對…有益
16. in groups 成群的,按組的
17. get noisy 吵鬧(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
18. learn from 向某人學(xué)習(xí)
19. at present 目前,現(xiàn)在
20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的機(jī)會
21.English-English dictionary 英英詞典
22. at least 至少
23.eight hours’ sleep a night 每晚8小時(shí)的睡眠
24. an old people’s home 敬老院
25. take time to do sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間干…
26. primary schools 小學(xué)
27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答復(fù)
29. get in the way of 妨礙
30. a professional athlete 職業(yè)運(yùn)動員
31. achieve one’s dreams 實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想
32. think about 思考,考慮
33. in the end 最后,終于
34. be serious about 對…熱忠/極感興趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing 在…上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢
36. care about 關(guān)心,擔(dān)心,在乎
37. agree with 同意…
三.句子
1. I don’t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔.
2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他們聊天而不是做作業(yè).
3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允許他們熬到晚上11點(diǎn).
4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.
我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類事情.
5.What school rules do you think should be changed?
你認(rèn)為學(xué)校的哪些制度應(yīng)該改一改了?
6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me.
這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合.
7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了.
8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream.
只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢想.
10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.
應(yīng)該允許他們對業(yè)余愛好想練多長時(shí)間就練多長時(shí)間.
11.We have nothing against running. 我們沒有理由反對他跑步.
2016九年級英語知識點(diǎn)Unit 4
一、知識點(diǎn)
1. if 引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)性條件狀語從句 即 虛擬語氣
通過動詞形式的變化來表示說話人對發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)
所持的態(tài)度或看法的動詞形式稱為語氣，虛擬語氣表示說話人所說的
話不是事實(shí)，而是一種祝愿，建議或是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。
If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句分為真實(shí)和非真實(shí)條件句，非真實(shí)條件
句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。如果要表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反時(shí)，其虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：
句 型
條件從句
主 句
謂語動詞形式
動詞過去式(be動詞一律用were)
would+動詞原形
即：(從句)if +主語+動詞過去式(be 動詞用were), 一般過去時(shí)
(主句) 主語+would+動詞原形 過去將來時(shí)
如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.
如果我有時(shí)間，我就會去散步。(事實(shí)上我現(xiàn)在沒有時(shí)間)
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
假如我是你的話，我會帶上雨傘。(事實(shí)上我不是你)
I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.
假如有人請我當(dāng)電影演員，我會表示拒絕。(事實(shí)上瑞沒有人請我當(dāng)電影演員)
2. pretend to do sth. 假裝做某事 I pretended to sleep just now.
pretend to be doing sth. 假裝正在干某事
The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in.
pretend +從句 假裝… I pretended that I fell asleep.
3. be late for 遲到 如：
I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.
4. a few 與 a little 的區(qū)別，few 與 little 的區(qū)別
⑴ a few 一些 修飾可數(shù)名詞
a little 一些 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者表肯定意義
如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。
There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。
⑵ few 少數(shù)的 修飾可數(shù)名詞
little 少數(shù)的 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 但兩者表否定意義
如：He has few friends. 他沒有幾個(gè)朋友。
There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里沒有多少糖。
5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十億)詞前面有數(shù)詞或several
一詞時(shí)要不能加s ，反之，則要加s 并與of 連用， 表示數(shù)量很
多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people
幾百/千/百萬/十億人 hundreds of trees 上百棵樹
8. what if + 從句 如果…怎么辦 ， 要是… 又怎么樣 如：
What if she doesn’t come? 要是她不來怎么辦?
What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么辦?
9. add sth. to sth. 添加…到…
如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。
10. 系動詞與形容詞連用 get nervous 變得緊張
feel shy 覺得害羞 look friendly 看起來友好
11. too +形/副+to do sth. 太…而不能 如：
I’m too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。
12. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem.
help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他們幫助你放松
13. in public 在公共場所 如:
Don’t smoke in public. 請不要在公共場所吸煙。
14. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一個(gè)活力的女孩。
energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。
15. ask sb. to do 叫…做某事
ask sb. not to do sth.叫…不要做某事
tell sb. to do 告訴…做某事
tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴…不要做某事
如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.
Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.
16. start doing == start to do. 開始做某事 如：
He started speaking/ to speak. 他開始說話。
17. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那里借來某物 如：
I borrowed a book from Lily. 我從莉莉那里借來一本書。
18.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am wait for him. 我正在等他。
19. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介紹給某人 如：
I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介紹給安娜。
20. invite sb. to do 邀請某人做某事 如：
Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀請我去她家吃晚飯。
21. have dinner/ supper 吃晚飯
have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐
22. plenty of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞 許多 如：
They have plenty of food/ apples. 他們有許多的食物/蘋果。
23. 給某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me
give sb. sth. give me an apple 給我一個(gè)蘋果
24. get along (with)=get on (with)
①進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展
The business is getting along very well. 生意進(jìn)展的很順利。
How are you getting along with your English study?
你的英語學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展的怎么樣了?
②相處
Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along?
你跟老板合得來嗎?
I’m getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。
25. would rather … than … (= would … rather than)寧愿，而不愿。
前后連接兩個(gè)動詞原形，否定形式為：would rather not do sth
①would rather … than … = prefer … to …
但prefer … to … 若連接兩個(gè)動詞，動詞應(yīng)為v-ing 形式。
He would rather jog than play football.
=He prefers jogging to playing football.
②would rather 常單獨(dú)使用，表示“寧愿做…”
He would rather watch TV at home.
③rather than = instead of 而不是(連接兩個(gè)并列成分，前后對稱)。
I’d prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter.
I decided to write rather than telephone.
I like going out with you rather than with him.
She enjoys listening rather than speaking.
25. in fact 事實(shí)上
26. let sb. down 讓某人失望 如：
Don’t let your mother down. 不要讓你的媽媽失望。
27. come up with sth. 提出 想出
如：He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一個(gè)好主意。
catch up with sb. 追上 趕上
如：Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉趕上了安娜。
28. have experience doing 在做某事有經(jīng)驗(yàn) 如：
I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英語方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
29. come out 出版，出來
如：The magazine comes out once a week. 這種雜志每周出一次。
30. by accident 偶然地，無意之中 如：
Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上個(gè)星期我不小心割到自己的手指。
31. hurry to do 匆忙… I hurry to call the police.
32. more than=over 超過
34. offer 提供 offer sb sth 給××……
offer to sb sth 主動提出干……
35. ①give sb sth=give sth to sb
類似的詞還有:pass、lend、show、write、send等
②buy sb sth=buy sth for sb
類似的詞還有:make、draw、cook等
36.look for尋找find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)
find out指經(jīng)過觀察、探索、調(diào)查等弄清楚、弄明白。
discover 指發(fā)現(xiàn)那些客觀存在而不為人所知的實(shí)情。如科學(xué)上的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。
37.bring 帶來 take 帶走 fetch 去并拿來
38.talk to/with sb 同××說話。
tell 告訴, 分辨，辨別。
speak to sb 同××說話，做及物動詞，后跟語言。
say 后跟名詞、代詞及賓語從句做賓語，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)說話內(nèi)容。
39.What if …… 如果……將會怎么樣?(引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句、疑問句)
What if she doesn’t come? 她要是不來怎么辦?
What if your parent don’t agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么辦?
What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎么辦?
40.What does/do ×× look like? 問相貌。
What’s ×× like? 問“品質(zhì)性格”。
41.give a speech 做演講 have a speech聽演講 give a report 做報(bào)告
have a report 聽報(bào)告
42.permission (n.) 允許，許可 permit (v.) 允許
without permission 未經(jīng)許可
43.plenty of 充足的，相當(dāng)多的。修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，只能用于肯定句。否定、疑問句中用 enough.
44.not……in the slightest=not……at all 根本不
45.a little = a bit 修飾形容詞、副詞 a little = a bit of 修飾不可數(shù)名詞
46.the rest 其余的，可指代可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。The other(s) 只能指代可數(shù)名詞
賓語從句 ：賓語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語。
由連接詞+ 主語+ 謂語 構(gòu)成
常由下面的一些詞引導(dǎo)：
㈠由that 引導(dǎo) 表示陳述意義 that 可省略
He says (that) he is at home. 他說他在家里。
㈡由if , whether 引導(dǎo) 表示 一般疑問意義(帶有是否、已否、對否等)
I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韋華是否喜歡魚。
㈢由 連接代詞、連接副詞(疑問詞) 引導(dǎo) 表示特殊疑問意義
Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要買什么嗎?
㈣從句時(shí)態(tài)要與主句一致
當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)
He says (that ) he is at home. 他說他在家里。
I don’t know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wants to know if I have finished my homework.
她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。
Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他將會什么時(shí)候回來?
當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)使用過去某時(shí)態(tài)(一般過去時(shí),過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí))
He said (that) he was at home. 他說他在家里。
I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.
她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。
Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他將會什么時(shí)候回來?
二、短語
1、give it to charity 把它捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)
2、medical research 醫(yī)學(xué)研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎么樣?
4、get nervous 緊張
5、take a big exam 參加大考
6、help with 有助于
7、in public 在公共場合
8、hardly ever 幾乎不
9、the whole school 全校
10、without permission 為經(jīng)許可
11、be(make) friends with 與…交朋友
12、ask one’s permission 請求××的允許
13、introduce…to… 把…介紹給…
14、invite…to do… 邀請…干…
15、social situations 社會環(huán)境
16、not… in the slightest 根本不，一點(diǎn)也不
17、right away 立刻，馬上
18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 對…友好
20、at lunch time 在午飯時(shí)間
21、a bit shy 有點(diǎn)害羞
22、English speech contest 英語演講比賽
23、represent the class 代表班級
24、come top 名列第一(前茅)
25、let … down 使…失望
26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron.
be sure to do 相信… be sure +that 從句
28、the rest of the students 其余的學(xué)生
29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth 在做某事方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)
30、deal with 對付，處理
31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意見、建議
33、by accident 偶然地，無意之中
34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干…
35、an internet friend 網(wǎng)友
三、句子
1.He doesn’t know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否該帶禮物。
2.You shouldn’t worry about what other people say.
你不應(yīng)該考慮別人說什么。
3.What will you do if you had a million dollars?
如果你有一百萬美元，你會干什么?
4.If I were you, I ‘d take a small present.
如果我是你，我會帶一個(gè)小禮物。
5.I’m too tired to do well.我太累了，沒考好。
6.Dogs can be a lot of trouble.狗會帶來很多麻煩。
7.What are you like? 你是什么樣的人?
8.I’d invite him/her to have dinner at my house.
我會邀請他(她)到我家吃飯。
9.You enjoy the company of other people.你喜歡別人的陪伴。
10. I feel nervous talking in front of many people.
我在眾人面前講話時(shí)感到緊張。
11.She always comes top in the school exams.
她在學(xué)校的考試中總是名列前茅。
12.She doesn’t want to let her friends down.她不愿讓朋友失望。
13.If I were you, I’ll get out of here.如果我是你，我會離開這里。
虛擬語氣
一、詞的語氣
指我們平常說的說話人說話的口氣。(在英語中，語氣除了指語調(diào)以外，最主要的是通過動詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同語氣)
英語中的語氣分為三類：
陳述語氣(用于陳述句、疑問句、感嘆句)
祈使語氣(用于祈使句)
虛擬語氣(用于條件狀語從句、賓語從句等)
二、虛擬語氣
如果所說的不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的空想，就用虛擬語氣。
三、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中的用法
1、真實(shí)條件狀語從句與非真實(shí)條件狀語從句
eg If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真實(shí)條件狀語)
If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真實(shí)條件狀語)
If I were you, I would go at once.(非真實(shí)條件狀語從句)
If there was no air, people would die.(非真實(shí)條件狀語從句)
2、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中的用法及動詞形式
① 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況
If I were you, I’d take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會帶把傘。
If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.
如果我知道他的電話號碼，我就會告訴你。(事實(shí)：不知道)
If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.
如果沒有水和空氣，地球上就不會有生物。(事實(shí)：地球上既有空氣也有水)
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.
如果我?guī)уX了，我就會借給你些。(事實(shí)：沒帶錢)
If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通過考試了。(事實(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)不用功)
②表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況
從句謂語動詞形式
主句謂語動詞形式
Had+過去分詞
Should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞
從句
例句
主句
①were
If+主語 ② did
③were to do
(①通常與一個(gè)表示時(shí)間狀語連用)其 中were to do可能性最小，
should+動詞原形。
If it rained tomorrow our picnic
would be put off.
假如那天下雨，我們的郊游就推遲。
主句+should/would /might /could+動詞原形
(條件)從句謂語動詞形式
主句謂語動詞形式
謂語動詞用過去式(be用were)
should/would/could/might+動詞原形
eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.
如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。(事實(shí)：去晚了)
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。(事實(shí)：沒有聽我的話)
③表示對將來情況的主觀推測(可能相反或可能性很小)
eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.
如果他哪天來這兒的話，我就跟他談?wù)劇?事實(shí)：來的可能性很小)
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.
如果下周日下大雪，我們就不能去滑冰了，(事實(shí)：不知能否下雪)
If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.
如果她下周一來這兒的話，我就會告訴她這件事得始末。
四、虛擬語氣的其他用法
1、虛擬語氣用在wish 后的賓語從句
a、表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語動詞用過去式
eg: I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。(事實(shí)：我根本比不上你)
b、表示過去事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語動詞：had+v-ed
eg: I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。(事實(shí)：原來不知道)
c、表示將來難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
謂語動詞：should/would + 動詞原形
eg: I wish I should have a chance again.很難再有這樣的機(jī)會了。(事實(shí)：很難再有這樣的機(jī)會了)
②虛擬語氣用在suggest(建議)、insist(堅(jiān)持)、demand(要求)、order(命令)等動詞后的賓語從句中。
在這種用法中，無論主句謂語動詞為何種時(shí)態(tài)，從句的謂語動詞都用：“should + 動
詞原形”或只用“動詞原形”。
如 He suggested
He insisted
He demand that we (should) take the teacher’s advice
He ordered
2016九年級英語知識點(diǎn)Unit 5
一、知識點(diǎn)：
1.情態(tài)動詞must, may , might, could, may , can’t表示推測含義與用法后面都接動詞原形，都可以表示對現(xiàn)在情況的揣測和推斷但他們
含義有所不同
must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性)
may, might, could有可能，也許 (20%-80%的可能性)
can’t 不可能，不會 (可能性幾乎為零)
The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it.
The CD might/could/may belong to Tony because
he likes listening to pop music.
The hair band can’t be Bob’s. After all, he is boy!
2. whose 誰的 疑問詞 作定語 后面接名詞
如：Whose book is this? This is Lily’s.
3. belong to 屬于 如：
That English book belongs to me.(不能用名詞性的物主代詞)
4. 當(dāng)play 指彈奏樂器時(shí)，常在樂器前用定冠詞 如：
play the guitar play the piano play the violin
當(dāng)play 指進(jìn)行球類運(yùn)動時(shí)，則不用定冠詞 如：
play football play basketball play baseball
5. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時(shí)，
從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí) 如：
If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.如果你不快點(diǎn)，你將會遲到
6. if you have any idea== if you know 如果你知道
7. on 關(guān)于(學(xué)術(shù)，科目)
8. try to do sth. 嘗試做某事 如：
I try to climb the tree. 我嘗試爬樹。
9. because of , because
because of + 名詞/代詞/名詞性短語
because + 從句 如：
I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。
I had to move because of my job. 因?yàn)楣ぷ鞯脑蛭业冒峒摇?/p>
10. own v.-owner n. listen v.-listener n. learn v.-learner n.
11. catch a bus 趕公車
12. neighbor 鄰居 指人
neighborhood 鄰居 指地區(qū)也可指附近地區(qū)的人
13. local 當(dāng)?shù)氐摹∪纾簂ocal teacher 當(dāng)?shù)氐慕處?/p>
14. noise n. 噪音 是個(gè)可數(shù)名詞 noises
15. call the police 報(bào)警 如：Quick! Call the police! 快!叫警察!
16. anything strange 一些奇怪的東西
當(dāng)形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時(shí)，放在這些詞的后面
17. there be sb./ sth. doing 如：
There is a cat eating fish.
There must be something visiting our home.
18. escape from …從哪里逃跑出來 如：
He escaped from the burning building. 他從燃燒的大概中逃出來。
19. an ocean of + 名詞 極多的，用不盡的 如：an ocean of energy.
20. unhappy 不高興的 反義詞 happy 高興的
21. final adj. 最后的 finally adv. 最后地
22. dishonest 不誠實(shí)的 反義詞 honest 誠實(shí)的。
23. get on 上車 get off 下車
24. use up 用光、用完 如：They have used up all the money.
他們已經(jīng)用完了所有的錢。
25. attempt to do 試圖 如：
The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子們試圖想去北京。
26. wake 動詞 喚醒 常用的詞組：wake up 意為醒來 如：
Please wake me up at 8 o’clock. 請?jiān)?點(diǎn)鐘叫醒我。
27. look for 尋找 指過程
find 找 指結(jié)果 如：
I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支筆。(指找的過程)
I found my pen just now. 我剛剛找到了我的筆。(指找的結(jié)果)
28. hear 聽 指聽的結(jié)果
listen 聽 指聽的過程 如：
Did you hear ? 你聽到了嗎?(指聽的結(jié)果，聽或沒聽到)
I often listen to the music. 我經(jīng)常聽音樂。(指聽的過程)
29. try one’s best to do sth. 盡某人的最大努力去做某事 如：
He tried his best to run. 他盡他的最大努力去跑。
30. 名詞所有格
名詞所有格的構(gòu)成有兩種形式
①是在名詞后面加 ’s 或是以s 結(jié)尾 的名詞，只在名詞的后面加 ’
如：Ann’s book 安的書, our teachers’ office我們老師們的辦公室
注：雙方共有的所有格，只在后面一個(gè)名詞加’s, 如：
Lily and Lucy’s father 莉莉和露西的爸爸(她們的爸爸是同一個(gè)人)
②有…of …介詞短語表示無生命東西的所有格 如：
a picture of my family 我家人的相片
有時(shí)也有’s表示無生命的東西的所有格 如：
today’s newspaper, the city’s name
31、happen指偶然的發(fā)生;
take place用于計(jì)劃好的事情或自然的發(fā)生;(二者無被動語態(tài))
happen to do sth碰巧干某事. happen to sb.某人發(fā)生了什么事
32、raise [reiz] 及物動詞 舉起、提高 ;募捐 用外力升起，如升旗
rise(不及物動詞)上升。自然升起，如價(jià)格上漲，日出等。
Raise the money for charity. Raise the Five-red-star flag
33、hope to do sth;hope that從句。
wish to do sth;wish sb to do sth;wish that從句。
34、however與but：
(1)從語義上看，but所表示的是很明顯的對比、轉(zhuǎn)折。
(2)從語法上看，but是并列連詞，however是個(gè)副詞。
(3)從語序上看，but總位于所引導(dǎo)的句首，however可放在句首、句中、句尾。
(4)從標(biāo)點(diǎn)上看，but之后沒有逗號，however之前、之后短語用逗號隔開。
在完成時(shí)態(tài)
⑴由have/ has + 過去分詞
⑵表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果
常與already, just , yet , ever, never 連用
Have you finished your work yet?你完成了你的工作了嗎?
Yes, I have. I have just finished it. 是的。我剛剛完成了。
I have already finished it . 我已經(jīng)完成了。
Have you ever been to China? 你曾經(jīng)去過中國嗎?
No, I have never been there. 沒有，我從來也沒有去過。
⑶①表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作 或狀態(tài)和表示過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi))的一段時(shí)間的狀態(tài)連用如：(for + 時(shí)間段，since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或過去某一動作， 以及how long )
②注： 非延續(xù)性動詞在現(xiàn)在完成 時(shí)態(tài)中不能和for, since 引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語的肯定句連用。
應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞 如：
buy---- have die---- be dead join ---- be in
borrow----- keep leave---- be away
I have bought a pen.------ I have had a pen for 2 weeks.
The dog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week.
⑷①have (has) been to + 地點(diǎn) 去過某地 已經(jīng)回來
②have (has) gone to + 地點(diǎn) 去了某地 沒有回來
③have been in + 地點(diǎn) 一直呆在某地 沒有離開過 如：
She has been to Shanghai. 她去過上海。(已經(jīng)回來)
She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(沒有回來)
She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海兩天了。(沒有離開過上海)
二、短語：
1、be long to屬于
2、listen to classical music聽古典音樂
3、at school上學(xué)、求學(xué)、在學(xué)校
4、go to the concert去聽音樂會
5、have any/some idea知道 have no idea不知道
6、a math test on algebra有關(guān)代數(shù)的數(shù)學(xué)考試
7、the final exam期末考試
8、because of因?yàn)?/p>
9、a present for his mother送給她媽媽的禮物
10、run for exercise跑步鍛煉
11、wear a suit穿西裝
12、make a movie拍電影
13、in our neighborhood在我們附近、在我們小區(qū)
14、have fun玩耍、取鬧
15、his or her own idea她(他)自己的看法
16、late night深夜
17、an ocean of許許多多、無窮無盡的
18、be care of=look out當(dāng)心、小心
19、pretend to do sth假裝干…
20、use up用完、用光
三、句子：
1、If you have any idea where might be please call me.
如果你知道它可能在哪，請打電話給我。
2、It’s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30%to the final exam.
關(guān)鍵是我必須學(xué)，因?yàn)樗计谀┛荚嚨?0%。
3、What do you think “anxious” means?
你認(rèn)為“anxious”是什么意思?
4、He could be running for exercise.他可能是跑步鍛煉身體。
5、He might be running to catch a bus.他可能是在跑著趕公共汽車。
6、Why do you think the man is running?你覺得那個(gè)男的為什么跑?
7、No more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood.
鐘塔附近不再有神秘的事了。
2016九年級英語知識點(diǎn)Unit 6
一、知識點(diǎn)
1.prefer v.更喜愛，更喜歡，相當(dāng)于like……better，其過去式、過去分詞為preferred，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：
(1)prefer+名詞、代詞I preferred music. Which do you prefer?
(2)prefer+動詞不定式“寧愿干……”
She prefers to live among the working people.
(3) prefer+v-ing I prefer living abroad.
(4)prefer+動詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):
常見的搭配有:
①prefer……to……喜歡……而不喜歡……(to為介詞)
She prefers apples to bananas.
②prefer doing to doing(to為介詞)
He prefers running to walking.
③prefer to do …… rather than do sth.寧愿干……而不愿干……
They prefer to play games rather than watch TV.
2.gentle: ①輕柔，溫和(往往指音樂、嗓音或風(fēng))
②溫柔的，文雅的(往往指人的性格)
3.remind……of……使某人回想起或意識到某人、某事
She reminded me of her sister.
The pictures remind me of my school days.
4.表示“也”的用法：
also 用在句中，too 用在句末，as well 多用于口語，用在句末，這三個(gè)表達(dá)都用在肯定句。either “也” 用在否定句尾
5. What do you think of …? =How do you like…?
6.as 的用法：
①用作連詞“按照”
Please do it again as I told you.
②連詞，當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動詞同時(shí)發(fā)生
She sang as she worked.
③表示原因，“因?yàn)椋捎凇北容^口語化，語氣也較弱，所表示的原因比較明顯。
As I didn’t know the way, I asked the policeman.
④as…as… 和……一樣
7.over the years多年來 ，往往與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用
8.though 不做副詞“可是，不過，然而”放在句尾
9. be sure of +n. / pron. /短語
be sure that 從句 ｝相信，對……有把握
be sure to do 務(wù)必……一定……
make sure 確保，核實(shí)，查收，弄清楚
10.one of the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，最……之一
11.過去分詞作定語，表示被動或完成
12. on display=on show
13.interest:①n.興趣，趣味;②v.使感興趣
He interested me in football.他使我對足球感興趣。
I’ve got a lot of books that might interest you.我有許多可能使你感興趣的書。
14.class 等級，級別，階級
15. whatever=no matter what
16.suggest:①建議，后跟賓語從句，用虛擬語氣;
②表示，暗示，后跟賓語從句，不用虛擬語氣。
17. energy (n.)=energetic (adj.)
18.honest 該詞是元音發(fā)音開頭，前面的不定冠詞用“an”.
19.先行詞若為地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間時(shí)，后面的關(guān)系詞用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞，要看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作什么成分。若關(guān)系詞作定語從句的主語、賓語或定語，用關(guān)系代詞;若關(guān)系詞作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞。
20. along with 伴隨… 同… 一道
I will go along with you. 我同你一道去。
I sing along with music. 我伴隨著音樂唱歌。
21. dance to sth. 隨著…跳舞
She likes dancing to the music. 她喜歡隨著音樂而跳舞。
22. different kinds of 各種各樣different kinds of clothes 各種各樣的衣服
23. music n.音樂musician n.音樂家musical
24. take … to … 帶…去…. 如：
My father often takes me to the park. 我的爸爸經(jīng)常帶我去公園。
Please take this box to my office. 請拿這個(gè)盒子到我的辦公室。
25. be important to sb. 對…重要
be important for sb. to do. 做某事對某人很重要
26. though == although 作連詞 雖然，盡管
放在句子中間/句首，不能和but 連用
Though it was very late, he went on working. 雖然很晚了，但他還在工作
Mr. Smith , though he was young, did it very well.
史密斯先生雖然年輕，卻做得很好。
27. energy n. 活力 energetic adj. 有活力的
28. most of … …的大多數(shù)
29. keep healthy 保持健康
30. get together 聚在一起
31. be bad for sth. 對…有壞處的
be bad for doing sth. 做…有壞處
32. take care of === look after 照顧 關(guān)心 如：
She often takes care of / looks after her son.
33 stay away from 遠(yuǎn)離… 如：
Stay away from me , I have a cold. 請遠(yuǎn)離我，我得了感冒
34. to be honest 老實(shí)說 如：
To be honest I really like flowers. 老實(shí)說我真的很喜歡花。
35. dislike 不喜歡 反義詞 like 喜歡
36. fisherman 漁夫 復(fù)數(shù)形式 fishermen
37. photography n. 攝影 photograph n. 照片 相片
photographer n. 攝影師
38. be in agreement 意見一致 常與介詞on /about連用如：
They are in agreement on that question. 他們對那個(gè)問題意見一致。
39. mainly adv. 主要地 首要地 main adj. 主要的
二.短語
1.expect to do sth.期望干……
expect sb. to do sth期望某人干……
2.catch up with追上，趕上
3.different kinds of music各種不同的音樂
4.quiet and gentle songs輕柔的歌曲
5. take…to… 帶……到……
6. remind…of…使某人想起或意識到……
7.her own songs她自己的歌曲
8.be important to對……重要
9.Yellow River黃河
10.Hong Tao’s latest movie洪濤最近的電影
11.over the years多年來
12.be sure to do sth.務(wù)必干……一定干……
13.one of the best known Chinese photographers世界上最有名的中國攝影家之一
14.on display展覽，展出
15.come and go來來往往
16.can’t stand不能忍受
17.look for尋找
18.feel sick感到惡心，不舒服
19.have a great time玩得高興，過得愉快
20.to be honest說實(shí)話
21.be lucky to do幸運(yùn)的是……
22.my six-month English course我6個(gè)月的英語課
23.most of my friends我的大部分朋友
24.go for去找某人，想法得到某事物
25.stay healthy保持健康
26.French fries薯?xiàng)l
27.stay away from與……保持距離
28.be in agreement意見一致(后跟短語、句子)
29.barbecued meat烤肉
30.a tag question反意疑問句
31.be bad for對……有害
三.句子
1.I love singers who write their own music.我喜歡自己創(chuàng)作曲子的歌手。
2.We prefer music that has great lyrics.我們更喜歡歌詞很棒的曲子。
3.What do you dislike about this CD.你不喜歡這張CD的什么?
4.What does it remind you of?它使你想起了什么?
5.The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.這首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。
6.It does have a few good features, though.
然而，它的確也有一些好的方面。
7.She really has something for everyone.
每個(gè)人的確都能從她的作品中領(lǐng)悟到一些東西。
8.Whatever you do, don’t miss this exhibition.
無論怎樣，你都不能錯(cuò)過這次展出。
9.As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.
正如樂隊(duì)名字所暗示的那樣，這支樂隊(duì)很有活力。
10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.
11.If I were you, I’d eat nuts instead.如果我是你，我會改吃堅(jiān)果。
Unit7
一、知識點(diǎn)：
1. tired 累的 tiring 令人疲憊的
bored 討厭 boring 令人厭煩/討厭的
excited 興奮的 exciting 令人興奮/激動的
amazed 驚訝的 amazing 令人驚訝的
2. education n. 教育 educational 有教育意義的
3. 想要做…：would like to do
想要…：would like sth.
常用的句型有：
What would you like to do? 你想要做什么?
I would like to visit GuiLin. 我想去參觀桂林。
What would you like ? 你想要什么?
I would like some tea. 我想來些茶。
Would you like to go to my party? 你來不來參加我的晚會?
(表邀請) Yes, I’d love/ like to . No, thanks.
Would you like some tea or coffee? 你是要點(diǎn)茶還是咖啡?
Yes, I’d love/ like. No. thanks.
Where would you like to visit/ go? 你想去哪呢?(本單元的重點(diǎn)句型)
4. go on vacation 去度假
go on a trip 去旅行
go on a picnic 去野炊
5. hope to do 希望做某事 I hope to go to Beijing. 我希望去北京。
hope (that) + 從句 希望….
I hope that I can go to Beijing.我希望我能去北京。
I hope (that) she can pass the test.我希望她能通過考試。
6. I love places where the people are friendly. 我喜歡人們友好的地方。
where 關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句
where引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞如：the place, the city等
That is the school where I studied 10 years ago. 那就是我10年前所就讀的學(xué)校。
7. 不定代詞 參看課本P141
注：形容詞必須放在不定代詞、不定副詞的后面
8. consider doing考慮做某事
I am considering changing my job. 我正在考慮換工作。
9. cost (sb.) 錢、時(shí)間 The book cost me 10 yuan 這本書花了我10元。
10. in general 一般來說， 大體上， 通常
11. be supposed to do 應(yīng)該做…. === should 如：
Scientists are supposed to know a lot. 科學(xué)家們應(yīng)該知道更多。
12. take a trip 去旅行
13. provide sb. with sth 供應(yīng)某人某物=== provide sth for sb.
如：They provide us with water.
They provide water for us.
14. how far 問路程 多遠(yuǎn)(20 kilometers , five munites’ walk)
how old 問年齡 多少歲(13 years old)
how long 問時(shí)間 多久;多長(since, for)
how often 問頻率 多久一次(sometimes, often, 3 times a day, every day)
15. be away 離開 如：
I was away 2days ago. 我兩天前離開了。
I will be away for a few days. 我將離開一些天。
16. inexpensive adj. 不貴的 反義詞 expensive adj. 貴的
17. let sb. do 讓某人做某事 Let me help you.讓我?guī)湍惆伞?/p>
let sb. not do 讓某人不要做某Let us not laugh. 讓我們不要笑了。
18. in the future 將來
She will a good mother in the future. 在將來她將會是一個(gè)好媽媽。
19. 用to 表示 “的”有：
answers to question 問題的答案
the key to the door 這扇門的鑰匙
20. as soon as possible 盡可能的快
21. continue doing == go on doing 繼續(xù)做某事 如：
She continued singing. == She went on singing. 她繼續(xù)唱歌。
22. according to 根據(jù)
23. be willing to do 愿意做某事 如：
I am willing to help you. 我愿意幫你。
24. on the other hands 另一方面
25. hold on to sth. 保持，不要放棄
Please hold on to my hand. 不要放開我的手。
26. come true 實(shí)現(xiàn) 如：
My dream have come true. 我的夢實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
27.through 穿過 含有“in”的意思 across 橫過 含有“on”的意思
28. Some day=someday 只指將來某一天
one day 既可指將來某一天，也可指過去某一天。
28. Plan 計(jì)劃打算(1) plan to do sth
We are planning to visit London this summer /Do plan to stay late?
(2) 跟名詞或者代詞 Have you planned your trip?
We have been planning this visit for months.
(3) plan for 為…做計(jì)劃He planned for a picnic if the next day were fine.
(4) plan on 打算有(做某事)She had not planned on so many guests.
They are planning on an/for an outing.
29.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is(was)…that (who ,whom)…
(1) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可用來強(qiáng)調(diào)各種句子成分
(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連詞who,whom只用來指代人，that 即可以指代人也可以指代物被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)等仍用that
(3)that,whom, who 后的句中的謂語與原句保持一致
(4)強(qiáng)調(diào)句中只有it is ,it was 兩種時(shí)態(tài)形式，
如：I am right ------It is I who(that) am right.
又如：They will have a meeting tomorrow.
It is they who(that) will have a meeting tomorrow.
It′s a meeting that they will have tomorrow.
It′s tomorrow that they will have a meeting.
30.在英語中，有although 不能有but;有because 不能有so