2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試模擬測(cè)試(一)

英語

本試卷共10頁，滿分120分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己所在的市(縣、區(qū))、學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)和考生號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，將條形碼橫貼在每張答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。

2. 作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上將對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。

3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先畫掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。

4. 考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Check out what's coming soon,and what's in development. Playbill will update these listings when new information is made available.

THE COLLABORATION at Samuel J.Friedman Theatre

The play tells a true story in New York.Fifty-six-year-old Warhol's star is falling. Jean is the new wonder-kid taking the art world by storm. When Jean agrees to work together with Warhol on a new exhibition,it soon becomes the talk of the city. The two artists set foot on a shared journey,both artistic and deeply personal, which redraws both their worlds.

ALMOST FAMOUS at Bernard B.Jacobs Theatre

Based on the 2,000 film of the same name, the musical features Pulitzer winner Kitt and a book by Crowe,who earned an Oscar award for penning the original film based on his own teenage experience. The coming-of-age story tracks a 15-year-old music fan named William who follows the emerging band Stillwater on tour.

THE PIANO LESSON at Ethel Barrymore Theatre

The play is the fourth in Wilson's Century Cycle,which digs into the Black experience in every decade of the 20th century. Set in Pittsburgh's Hill District in 1936, it centers around a brother and a sister involved in a battle over a piano carved with the faces of their ancestors.

KIMBERLY AKIMBO at Booth Theatre

Kim is a bright and funny high school girl,who happens to look like a 72-year-old lady. And yet her aging disease may be the least of her problems. Forced to deal with family secrets,and possible crime charges,Kim is determined to explore happiness in a world where not even time is on her side.

21. What kind of play is THE COLLABORATION?

A.A romance. B. A sci-fi story. C. A fairy tale. D. A life story.

22. Which theatre should you visit if you want to learn about racial issues?

A. Samuel J. Friedman Theatre. B. Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre.

C. Ethel Barrymore Theatre. D.Booth Theatre

23. What can you see in both ALMOST FAMOUS and KIMBERLY AKIMBO?

A. Struggles against crime charges. B. Cutting-edge film technology.

C. Award-winning performances. D. Teenagers' growth experiences.

B

For some people,October is Octobear.On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight before they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear747,also known as“Bear Force One”,took the first-place spot with 68,105 votes. It weighed around 1,400 pounds.

Fat Bear Week started in 2014. At first,it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz,a former park keeper at Katmai,noticed that live webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people got involved,turning it into a global campaign.

The contest serves two main purposes. First, some of America's national parks are in remote and undeveloped areas, which are difficult or costly to reach. Fat Bear Week brings Alaska's wilderness to fans' computer screens.“It's not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river anymore.”Fitz said.

Second,Fat Bear Week brings attention to the bears and the ecosystems they live in. The 2，200 bears of Katmai are strong for feeding on some of the healthiest salmon (三文魚) in the world， said Sara Wolman， a former park keeper. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest are suffering from overfishing, dam construction and warming rivers due to climate change. Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai’s bears like to fish in,has been free from these threats so far.

Fat Bear Week has spread like viruses. Fans and creators say it's because it shows a conservation success story. For one week, Ieople don't have to focus on climate change or habitat loss.“Maybe things aren't super great all the time in the world,”said Felicia Jimenez,who is a current Katmai keeper.“But there are some really fat bears in Alaska.”

24. Why was Bear 747 the winner?

A. It was the heaviest. B.It was the most famous.

C. It gained the most pounds. D. It presented the best photos.

25. What is the purpose of paragraph 2?

A.To praise Mike Fitz for his work B. To review the history of the event.

C. To show the popularity of fat bears. D. To explain the role of live webcams.

26. What can we learn about Katmai's bears?

A. They bring tourists to the park. B. They have a stable food source.

C. They remain difficult to be seen. D.They face a population decline.

27. Which can be the best title for the text?

A. Fat Bear Week：Conservation Is Joyful

B. Brown Bears：Winter Survival Is Crucial

C. Bear 747：A Fat Yet Healthy Champion

D. Katma's Bears:A Special Beauty Contest

C

A new study has found that a child's reading speed can be improved by simply increasing the space between letters within a piece of text. The research,led by Dr Steven Stagg of Anglia Ruskin University(ARU),examined the benefits of letter spacing and coloured overlays(顏色標(biāo)注)among children.

Two groups of children，dyslexic(有閱讀障礙的)and non-dyslexic children，were asked to read four texts with either standard or extra-large letter spacing,both with and without a coloured overlay. They were instructed to read the text out loud while being recorded. The recording was used to measure the number of errors they made —specifically missed words,added words,wrong words,and pronunciation—as well as the participants' reading time.

The study discovered that text with increased space between letters provided a benefit for both groups. On average,the dyslexia group showed a 13% increase in reading speed,while the group of non-dyslexic children showed a 5% increase. In addition to improving reading speed, it also resulted in a significant decline in the number of words missed by the children with dyslexia. However, the study found that coloured overlays had no significant impact on reading speed or the reduction of errors for either group.

Dr Stagg，Senior Lecturer in Psychology at ARU，said：“We believe extra-large letter spacing works by reducing what is known as the 'crowding effect',which can hamper the recognition of letters and reduce reading speed.”

“Our findings strongly suggest that teachers can be confident that all children would be helped by increased letter spacing in reading materials.”Dr Stagg added.“While we found that coloured overlays provided little benefit, we suggest children should be encouraged to use overlays if they find these help their reading. Coloured overlays may not increase reading speeds，but they may extend reading stamina(持久力).Previous research suggests their benefits may not become apparent if reading time is less than 10 minutes and the short reading duration of the tests in our study may have put coloured overlays at a disadvantage.”

28. Which of the following best describes the research process in paragraph 2?

A. Illustrate,group and report. B. Read,instruct and measure.

C. Question,assume and prove. D. Categorize,record and count.

29. What can we learn about increased letter spacing from paragraph 3?

A. It reduces reading errors. B. It sharpens reading skills.

C. It arouses reading interest D. It enhances reading comprehension.

30. What does the underlined word“hamper”in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Obtain. B. Prevent. C. Change. D.Involve.

31. What can be inferred about coloured overlays from paragraph 5?

A. They might not have been evaluated fairly.

B. They might not be recommended by experts.

C. They might work better in short reading.

D. They might have some disadvantages.

D

Like any doctor,Jacques Fellay wants to give his patients the best care. Hidden inside our bodies are genetic(基因的)markers that can tell him which patients could probably have diseases such as AIDS and provide early treatments. However,there are worries for Fellay：they contain sensitive details that could lead to embarrassment，discrimination or even worse.

A new kind of encryption， fully homomorphic encryption(FHE)(全同態(tài)加密)， is making it possible for data users to run multiple operations on genetic data without seeing the contents. This can help end big data's privacy problem,and Fellay's patients can be some of the first to benefit.

In 1978,the concept of homomorphic encryption(HE)was firstly proposed. According to it, one could encrypt and share data with others, who could analyze and perform calculations on the data with no idea what it means. After getting the data back, the data user could simply arrive at the result using the secret key and it will make total sense.

In 2009,Craig Gentry firstly provided a workable FHE program. Like HE,it rests on a mathematical idea called a homomorphism， which mostly relies on using algebra (代數(shù)) to map data from one form to another without changing its underlying structure. However, it supports multiple operations on encrypted data,rather than only one calculation in HE.

Later,Gentry went on to work at IBM,which now has complicated FHE tools to run encrypted data. In the medical field, for example,it detected signs of COVID-19 infection by applying FHE to analyze the encrypted CT scans of more than 1,500 people's lungs. In a paper published in October 2021,the team used FHE to collect data from multiple sources and predicted the effect of cancer treatments or the process of HIV infection,as in Fellay's case.

Workable，but still slow：calculations on the FHE-encrypted data could take millions of times longer than those on raw data. But, as Goldwasser says,“If you believe that security is not a plus,but it's a must,”she says,“then in some sense there is no overhead."

32.What is Fellay concerned about?

A. Serious diseases. B. Sensitive patients. C. The safety of personal data. D. The lack of genetic information.

33. In what way is FHE different from HE?

A. It speeds up the analyses. B. It allows more calculations.

C. It prevents direct access to data. D. It depends on the use of algebra.

34. What is Goldwasser's attitude towards FHE?

A. Contradictory. B. Unclear. C. Favorable. D. Intolerant.

35. What is the main idea of the text?

A. FHE protects privacy in the big data era.

B.FHE opens a new world for medical workers.

C. Gentry proposed a new encryption technology.

D. Homomorphic encryption developed over time.

第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

How Star Wars Changed Movie-making Forever

“May the force be with you!”If you are a Star Wars fan，then you have probably heard this phrase many times. 36______ So many characters,devices,and phrases from the movie have become well-known. But you might be surprised to find out how much this movie has changed how movies are made.

“A long time ago in a galaxy far,far away...” is how Star Wars begins. Its plot was not ground-breaking. 37 ______The story was typical science fiction with lots of drama, traditional characters and good battling evil,in space and in hand-to-hand fight.

It was the special effects that made Star Wars stand out from other movies. People still talk about the light swords(劍)that could cut，burn and melt through most substances. Spaceships sped through space and landed on huge,realistic-looking space stations. 38______ When Star Wars first cam out in 1977,most movie theaters were stand-alone buildings,with just one movie screen. Using the money Star Wars had made for them，movie-theater owners built more theaters，leading to the multiplexes(多影廳影院)that are common today.

Theaters needed more movies to show on all the additional movie screens and in all the new multiplexes. So new movie companies sprang up, including small ones creating experimental movies. 39______ Some of the methods became popular and others failed.But,thanks to Star Wars,people got to see new types of movies.

40 _______There had been movie continuations previously, but they were often just poor imitations of the first movie. The Star Wars movies were all popular. There have been two trilogies(三部曲)so far，with more planned.

A.They tried out new techniques.

B.In fact, it was quite old-fashioned.

C. Moviegoers had never seen anything like it.

D. Thus,audience began to enjoy science fiction movies there.

E. Star Wars was the first really successful movie trilogy in history.

F. If you are not a fan, you are still likely familiar with these words.

G. If you are a movie maker,you may be inspired by this classic film.

第三部分 語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)：

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

In many ways,Gitanjali Rao is an ordinary ll-year-old, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. Last month,she 41 _____the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention.

What 42_____ Gitanjali's work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water.“The idea didn't 43_____ to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests. The test strips may show inaccurate results,which weren't very 44 _____She recalls. She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and 45 _____found that carbon nanotube(納米管)sensors can be used to sense chemicals. Gitanjali 46_____ to build a small blue housing using the 3-D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under 47_____ from her computer science teacher,gives instant 48_____ and sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device.

The process of designing her project wasn't always 49_____ , though. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, 50 _____along the way. In the award ceremony,Gitanjali also 51_____ her parents with constant support and 52_____ to try“crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25,000 to further develop her program along with the great 53 _____ of winning the contest. According to Shafer,who 54_____Gitanjali,“she shows a lot of motivation to solve 55_____issues through science”

第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

During the summer holiday I had the chance to visit Pingtang County,Guizhou Province in southwest China. It's 56__________experience I will never forget.

Traveling to Guizhou by high-speed rail from Beijing,I 57__________ (astonish) at the rapid change in scenery from skyscrapers to beautiful tree-filled mountains 58__________ (rest) under a clear blue sky.

Upon arrival,I visited the Pingtang International Experience Planetarium,which displays China's 59 __________ (remark)achievements in science and space technology. The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)there is the largest one of its kind in the world. To visit FAST,visitors are not permitted 60__________ (bring) any electronic devices due to security measures. So they must record this once-in-a-lifetime moment with their hearts and minds.

61__________ (truthful),my favorite part of the trip was my personal interaction with the local community. Following the instructions,I worked on two community farms,went hiking and swam 62 __________a fresh community river alongside fish. I was educated on the regional history of the Miao people 63__________culture is rich in fashion,food,pottery and

music.

After this adventure,my 64 (appreciate)for Chinese culture has snowballed. While I am content living and working in Beijing,Pingtang County in Guizhou has opened my eyes to the endless positive 65 (possibility)China has to offer.

第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

假定你是李華，校英語學(xué)習(xí)俱樂部負(fù)責(zé)人。你們邀請(qǐng)到了Smith教授在線作主題為“How to Write and Enjoy Poems”專題講座。請(qǐng)你在講座前作簡(jiǎn)要發(fā)言，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 表示感謝;

2. 相關(guān)介紹;

3. 對(duì)聽眾的要求。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右;

2. 請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Dear fellow students,

That's all,thank you.

第二節(jié)(滿分25分)

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Hector stood in the front of his fifth-grade classroom as one of the last two competitors in the Room Five Geography Bee. His opponent having missed the last question,it was Hector’s turn. If he answered his question correctly,he would be the Room Five champion.

“Where did I put that second sheet of questions?”Mr.Adler whispered while searching through a thick pile of papers on his messy desk. Mr. Adler,though a great teacher, had a reputation of being disorganized with a long history of misplacing things. “Oh well,I apologize for the delay.”said Mr. Adler after what seemed like a long time. “Hector,please tell us the capital city of Brazil.”Hearing the question,Hector smiled.Then,there was the answer.

Later that day in the courtyard,many classmates congratulated Hector. Wearing a proud smile,he greeted and thanked them all. Oh,the sweet taste of victory.

As it was getting late,the courtyard became deserted. But Hector still didn't want to leave. Then he saw Mr. Adler crossing the courtyard and holding a half-open bag full of papers. As he hurried past,an envelope dropped out but Mr. Adler was unaware, turned a comer and disappeared out of sight. Hector picked it up. On the envelope were the words“Fifth Grade Geography Bee Questions and Answers”. Hector stared wide-eyed at the envelope. Before he even had time to reflect on the consequences, he opened it and read the questions.

As soon as Hector had done it,he knew it was the wrong choice. He'd cheated and whatever he did now, he couldn't change the fact.“What if Mr. Adler thought I stole this morning's questions too?”Hector thought.“He’d take away my Room Five victory for sure.”Little did he know that one of the best days in his life would be turned into the worst so quickly. Torn by his conscience,Hector was totally at a loss what to do.

注意：

1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Tsd

Before he realized it,Hector found himself standing in Mr. Adler's room.

The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee.

2023 屆高三年級(jí)第二次統(tǒng)一模擬測(cè)試英語科答案詳解

第二部分 閱讀

第一節(jié)

A

【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四部即將上映的戲劇的故事內(nèi)容。

21【參考答案】D

【試題分析】戲劇類型辨析。第一個(gè)戲劇講述的是關(guān)于兩位藝術(shù)家的真實(shí)故事。

22 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】戲劇內(nèi)容理解。第三個(gè)戲劇涉及黑人的歷史。

23 【參考答案】D

【試題分析】戲劇內(nèi)容理解。第二個(gè)和第四個(gè)戲劇都涉及青少年的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷。

B

【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了美國阿拉斯加州舉辦的 Fat Bear Week 活 動(dòng)。

24 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段的內(nèi)容可知：Brown Bear 747 贏得冠軍是因?yàn)?人們認(rèn)為它在冬眠中增重最多。

25 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】段落寫作目的分析。第二段簡(jiǎn)述了這個(gè)活動(dòng)的發(fā)展歷程。

26 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段的內(nèi)容可知，棕熊喜歡吃三文魚，當(dāng)?shù)?Brooks River 里的三文魚未受到人類活動(dòng)的威脅，棕熊的食物供應(yīng)端穩(wěn)定。

27 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】歸納概括。選項(xiàng) A 囊括了這則新聞敘述的主要活動(dòng)和這個(gè)活動(dòng)的意義。

C

【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)提升兒童閱讀速度的最新研究。

28 【參考答案】D

【試題分析】歸納概括。根據(jù)文章第二段的內(nèi)容可知：研究步驟包含把兒童分組，將他 們的朗讀錄音，以及數(shù)他們朗讀中的錯(cuò)誤。

29 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的第三句內(nèi)容可知，受試兒童不僅閱讀速度加快了， 而且朗讀中的錯(cuò)誤也減少了。

30 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】詞義推測(cè)。文章第四段是專家對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象背后的原因分析，擁擠效應(yīng)會(huì)阻 礙字母的識(shí)別。

31 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】分析推斷。根據(jù)文章最后一段的最后一句話可知，因?yàn)閷?shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試時(shí)間有限， 對(duì) coloured overlays 的效果的評(píng)估可能不充分。

D

【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了全動(dòng)態(tài)加密技術(shù)的研究進(jìn)展和意義，以及全 同態(tài)加密(FHE)與同態(tài)加密(HE)的主要區(qū)別。

32 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段的最后一句話可知，基因標(biāo)記物含有敏感細(xì)節(jié) 的個(gè)人信息。

33 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】分析比較。根據(jù)文章第四段的最后一句話可知，全動(dòng)態(tài)加密支持多輪計(jì)算。

34 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】推理判斷。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知：安全是必須要做到的事情，全 同態(tài)加密技術(shù)助力保障個(gè)人信息的安全，因此作者對(duì)它的態(tài)度是積極的。

35 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】總結(jié)概括。本文主要介紹了全同態(tài)加密技術(shù)有助于醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的個(gè)人信息安 全。

第二節(jié)

【語篇解讀】這是一篇文化立意的說明文。文章主要介紹了《星球大戰(zhàn)》這部影片的特 點(diǎn)和它在電影史上的重要影響。

36 【參考答案】F

【試題分析】考查遞進(jìn)銜接。這句話與前面一句句式一致，且 still 一詞構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)。

37 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】考查詞匯遞進(jìn)銜接。not ground?breaking 與 old?fashioned 是近義詞。

38 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】考查指代銜接。it 指代前面一句中描繪的電影中的畫面。

39 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】考查詞匯銜接。they 指代前面一句中的 new movie companies, techniques 與 methods 是近義詞。

40 【參考答案】E

【試題分析】考查主題句。這一句是這一段的主題句，后面圍繞“《星球大戰(zhàn)》是史上 第一部真正成功的電影三部曲”。

第三部分 語言運(yùn)用

第一節(jié)

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是 11 歲女生 Gitanjali Rao 研發(fā)出一款免費(fèi) 程序，可以靈敏探測(cè)水中的鉛含量，贏得少年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽一等獎(jiǎng)的故事。

41 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：上個(gè)月，她因其發(fā)明創(chuàng)造贏得了少年科學(xué)家獎(jiǎng)。A. earned 贏得;B. designed 設(shè)計(jì);C. offered 提供;D.made 制作。由上文的“her scientific spirit makes a huge difference”和后文 “award ceremony”可知，她的發(fā)明獲得了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，所以是贏得獎(jiǎng) 項(xiàng)，故選 A。

42 【參考答案】D

【試題分析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：激發(fā) Gitanjali 工作的緣由是城市面臨水中含有 過量鉛的危機(jī)。A. exposed 暴露，顯示;B. improved 提升;C. defined 定義;D. inspired 激發(fā)， 啟示。從后文的 “the idea”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的緣由，故選 D。

43 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直到我看到父母嘗試去做水質(zhì)測(cè)試，我才想到 這個(gè)主意。A. stick 堅(jiān)持;B. belong 屬于;C. occur 出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生;D. apply 適用于。從上一句 可知，此處選 C。

44 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：測(cè)試條可能顯示不準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果，因此不可靠。A. simple 簡(jiǎn)單的;B. reliable 可靠的;C. predictable 可預(yù)測(cè)的;D. creative 有創(chuàng)意的。根據(jù)上 文中的“inaccurate”可知，此處選 B。

45 【參考答案】D

【試題分析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她隨后堅(jiān)持不懈地尋找合適的材料，終于發(fā)現(xiàn) 碳納米管可以被用來探測(cè)化學(xué)物質(zhì)。A. initially 最初地;B. immediately 立刻地;C. temporarily 暫時(shí)地;D. eventually 最終地。根據(jù)上文中的“with continued efforts”可知過程并不容易，故選D。

46 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她設(shè)法在學(xué)校使用 3D 打印機(jī)建造了一個(gè)小藍(lán) 箱，里面有計(jì)算機(jī)芯片和電池。A. managed 設(shè)法做成;B. promised 承諾;C. pretended 假裝;

D. happened 碰巧。根據(jù)文意，此處介紹發(fā)明的具體形式，故選 A。

47 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在電腦科學(xué)老師的指導(dǎo)下，她設(shè)計(jì)了一款免費(fèi) 的程序。A. observation 觀察;B. command 命令;C. instruction 指導(dǎo);D. control 控制。根據(jù)下 一段中的“Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer ”，可知，她 的科學(xué)項(xiàng)目是在老師的指導(dǎo)下完成的，故選 C。

48 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這款程序可以給出瞬時(shí)的結(jié)果，并傳送數(shù)據(jù)到 相連接的手機(jī)上。A. access 通道;B. results 結(jié)果;C. decisions 決定;D. approval 同意。根據(jù) 文意和此空后面的data 可知，本句介紹程序的具體使用方法，此處指測(cè)試的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果，故選B

49 【參考答案】D

【試題分析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目的過程并不總是順利的。A. optional 選擇性的;B. complete 完整的;C. continuous 持續(xù)的;D. smooth 順利的。根據(jù)下文 內(nèi)容可知，老師的指導(dǎo)和父母的鼓勵(lì)給她提供了支持，同時(shí) “though”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程的 辛苦，故選 D。

50 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Kathleen Shafer ，與她組隊(duì)擔(dān)任她暑期教師的科 學(xué)家，全程幫助了她。A .changed 改變;B. risked 冒險(xiǎn);C. helped 幫助;D. followed 跟隨。

根據(jù)上文“under instruction from her computer science teacher”可知，此處選 C。51 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上，她也感謝了父母親不斷的支持。A. stresses 給……壓力;B. credits 把……歸功于;C. impresses 使……印象深刻;D.provides 為……提供。根據(jù)文意，此處選 B。

52 【參考答案】A

【試題分析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她感謝父母持續(xù)的鼓勵(lì)，去嘗試“瘋狂的想法”。A. encouragement 鼓勵(lì);B. request 請(qǐng)求;C. struggle 掙扎;D. pressure 壓力。根據(jù)文意，此處 選 A。

53 【參考答案】C

【試題分析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她獲得了獎(jiǎng)金去進(jìn)一步研發(fā)程序，同時(shí)獲得了 贏得比賽的榮譽(yù)。A.fortune 運(yùn)氣;B.intention 意圖;C.honor 榮譽(yù);D. potential 潛力。根據(jù)文 意，此處選 C。

54 【參考答案】D

【試題分析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Shafer 對(duì)她高度贊揚(yáng)。A. keeps up with 與…… 齊頭并進(jìn);B. gets along with 與……相處融洽;C. takes care of 照顧;D. speaks highly of 高度 贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)下文的積極評(píng)價(jià)，可知此處選 D。

55 【參考答案】B

【試題分析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她展示出了極大的動(dòng)力去通過科學(xué)的方式解 決實(shí)際的問題。A. commercial 商業(yè)的;B. practical 實(shí)際的;C. academic 學(xué)術(shù)的;D. systematic 系統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)文意，此處選 B。

第二節(jié)

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇旅行日記，主要介紹了暑假期間作者貴州之行的見聞和感受， 謳歌贊美了中國在太空探索方面的成就和多元的民族文化。

56 【參考答案】an

【試題分析】不定冠詞語用。此處意為：一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。

57 【參考答案】was astonished

【試題分析】謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處意為：為……感到驚訝。

58 【參考答案】resting

【試題分析】非謂語動(dòng)詞里的現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)。此處意為：躺在藍(lán)天下的。

59 【參考答案】remarkable

【試題分析】形容詞語用。此處意為：了不起的，卓越的。

60 【參考答案】to bring

【試題分析】非謂語動(dòng)詞里的不定式做主語補(bǔ)足語。此處意為：不被允許攜帶數(shù)碼設(shè)備。

61 【參考答案】Truthfully

【試題分析】副詞語用。此處意為：實(shí)話實(shí)說。

62 【參考答案】in

【試題分析】介詞語用。此處意為：在一條淡水河里游泳。

63 【參考答案】whose

【試題分析】定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。此處意為：苗族人民的文化。

64 【參考答案】appreciation

【試題分析】名詞語用。此處意為：我對(duì)中國文化的欣賞和理解。

65 【參考答案】possibilities

【試題分析】名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處意為：無窮無盡的美好的可能。

第四部分 寫作

第一節(jié)

【寫作導(dǎo)語】關(guān)鍵能力：本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生以李華校英語學(xué)習(xí)俱樂部 負(fù)責(zé)人的身份，在 Smith 教授在線作主題為“How to Write and Enjoy Poems”專題講座前作簡(jiǎn)要 發(fā)言，內(nèi)容包括：表示感謝、相關(guān)介紹及對(duì)聽眾的要求。【寫作詳解】

1.詞匯積累

表示衷心的感謝：express our heartfelt appreciation to;

在線講座：online lecture;

詩歌的結(jié)構(gòu)、意象和韻律：poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme;

寫作程序與技巧：writing procedures and skills;

積極參與：participate positively;

做筆記：take notes

參與討論：participate in the discussion

2.句式拓展

簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句

原句(1) Prof. Smith is a well?known poet, and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems.

拓展句：Prof. Smith is a well?known poet, who will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems.

原句(1) There will be a five?minute question?and?answer session following the lecture, and it will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.

拓展句：There will be a five?minute question?and?answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.

【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型 1】Thus, it is a great opportunity to improve our writing procedures and skills and I am sure it will be of significant benefit to us all.(運(yùn)用 it 引導(dǎo)形式主語)

【高分句型 2】There will be a five?minute question?and?answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion. (運(yùn) 用 which 引導(dǎo)定語從句)

One possible version:

Dear fellow students，

We feel honored, and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith for his graciously agreeing to give us this online lecture on“How to Write and Enjoy Poems”. So let's show our warm welcome!

Prof. Smith is a well?known poet, and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems. Thus, it is a great opportunity to improve our writing procedures and skills and I am sure it will be of significant benefit to us all.

I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as requested. You may also take notes if necessary. There will be a five?minute question?and?answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.

That's all, thank you.

第二節(jié)

【寫作導(dǎo)語】關(guān)鍵能力：本篇書面表達(dá)屬于讀后續(xù)寫。故事發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)在學(xué)校，人物涉 及老師和學(xué)生，這樣的設(shè)定是考生熟悉的場(chǎng)景。文章講述的是一個(gè)關(guān)于誠信和自我成長(zhǎng)的故 事，續(xù)寫的情節(jié)具有一定的開放性，有利于考查學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新思維。根據(jù)故事的發(fā)展邏輯和兩 個(gè)給出的段落起始句的信息，第一段應(yīng)該主要寫 Hector 向老師坦誠，第二段應(yīng)該寫比賽的進(jìn) 行情況和結(jié)果，以及 Hector 的收獲和感悟。范文是寫最后 Hector 沒有贏得比賽，但是也收獲 了深刻的感悟和寶貴的成長(zhǎng)。考生如果把續(xù)作寫成他最后在決賽中獲勝了，也是合乎情理的。

【寫作詳解】

【高分句型與描寫 1】“Hector! Come and help me look for…” “This?” Hector stopped Mr. Adler mid?sentence, holding out the open envelope. Mr. Adler's brows were smoothed but then knitted again. Before he formed questions, Hector started unbosoming his regrets. If he had waited another moment, they would have torn him into pieces.(夸張的修辭手法) Immense relief washed over Hector.

【高分句型與描寫 2】All the eyes fixed on the stage, Hector felt blood rushing onto his cheeks and his heart beating fast. Unfortunately, the questions Mr. Adler rewrote were so tough that he was knocked out in round three. Whether others knew he was smart was of no significance. He'd set out to learn everything about the world and ended up learning more about himself. (精彩點(diǎn)題)

One possible version:

Before he realized it, Hector found himself standing in Mr. Adler's room. “Hector! Come and help me look for…” “This ?” Hector stopped Mr. Adler mid?sentence, holding out the open envelope. Mr. Adler's brows were smoothed but then knitted again. Before he formed questions, Hector started unbosoming his regrets. If he had waited another moment, they would have torn him into pieces. “Can I still be in the Bee?” asked Hector timidly. “Absolutely, my honest boy，” Mr. Adler patted his shoulder. “I don't believe in punishing people for making the right decisions and correcting their mistakes.” Immense relief washed over Hector.

The next day the entire school came to watch the Fifth Grade Geography Bee. Having been up late studying, Hector looked exhausted but extremely excited. So did all the other competitors. All the eyes fixed on the stage, Hector felt blood rushing onto his cheeks and his heart beating fast. Unfortunately, the questions Mr. Adler rewrote were so tough that he was knocked out in round three. But Hector realized to his surprise that he didn't feel bad about losing at all. Whether others knew he was smart was of no significance. He'd set out to learn everything about the world and ended up learning more about himself.

高考英語怎么復(fù)習(xí)

在高考前，將詞匯、語法等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行再次梳理，在記憶單詞時(shí)以詞塊為單位，關(guān)注語境和應(yīng)用，提高閱讀理解和寫作能力。

而對(duì)于英語語法，我們要提煉出重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)，提升理解語境和辨析考點(diǎn)的能力，要經(jīng)常回顧練習(xí)中的易錯(cuò)題，在考試中發(fā)現(xiàn)“陷阱”，并作出正確判斷。

提升英語的綜合能力，永遠(yuǎn)是高考前最后階段備考的重中之重，尤其是聽、讀、寫等語言技能的提升，更是貫穿后期備考的始終。

而訓(xùn)練英語聽力，則要堅(jiān)持做到天天訓(xùn)練，足量訓(xùn)練;提升閱讀技能，要重點(diǎn)提高考生總結(jié)提煉信息和推理判斷的能力;提升寫作水平，要做好卷面關(guān)、內(nèi)容關(guān)和語言關(guān)。

高考英語復(fù)習(xí)建議

縱觀高考考題，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅是語法選擇題，其它的考試項(xiàng)目，如閱讀理解及作文等，都不可避免地要運(yùn)用語法來分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)等等，絕不能忽視語法知識(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)。教師要減少單純的語法考查，降低語法的難度，增加語境，加強(qiáng)語境中對(duì)理解、推理能力的考查。在這個(gè)過程中，教師要鉆研教材，分清主次，充分發(fā)揮教師的主導(dǎo)作用，幫助學(xué)生對(duì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)進(jìn)行梳理歸納，逐步培養(yǎng)其學(xué)習(xí)興趣和自學(xué)能力。

語法復(fù)習(xí)課的安排要遵循認(rèn)知規(guī)律，應(yīng)是一個(gè)從易到難，由簡(jiǎn)到繁的過程。要在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)既系統(tǒng)復(fù)習(xí)所有中學(xué)語法項(xiàng)目，又要抓住重點(diǎn)、突破難點(diǎn)，沒有周密的安排是絕對(duì)行不通的。因此復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)不妨教師先歸納講解某語法項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)，然后再操練句型。句型操練有各種形式，常見的有造句、改錯(cuò)、填空、翻譯訓(xùn)練等等。每一類語法項(xiàng)目的復(fù)習(xí)可以分三個(gè)板塊進(jìn)行：復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)(附課本例句)、主要考點(diǎn)(列舉高考題)、精選練習(xí)(突出語境，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用能力)。

萬能高考英語改錯(cuò)題型解題技巧

在高考英語短文改錯(cuò)中常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤主要有以下幾類：

1.名詞單復(fù)數(shù)用錯(cuò)，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。大多數(shù)高考英語短文改錯(cuò)都會(huì)有此類的錯(cuò)誤。

2.動(dòng)詞：時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時(shí)態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時(shí)，中間雜有不適的另一時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)象;或是及物動(dòng)詞后無賓語，或是不及物動(dòng)詞后加了賓語;需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。

3.形容詞副詞：高考英語常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反;關(guān)系副詞where，when，why等的缺失或錯(cuò)用。

4.介詞：高考英語改錯(cuò)主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯(cuò)用。這一部分需要平時(shí)多多積累，弄清常用介詞的搭配。

5.主謂一致性：第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用了單數(shù);再就是就近原則對(duì)主語的影響。

6.冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如季節(jié)，月份，星期，球類及三餐活動(dòng)，稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的詞卻漏稅掉了the;a，an的混用，特別注意：hour，honest等雖然首字母不是元音字母，但其發(fā)音卻是以元音素開頭，故用an，而useful，university，European，one—hour等雖然首字母是元音字母，但卻以輔音音素開頭，故用a。

7.數(shù)詞：高考英語改錯(cuò)常見的主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯(cuò)用。

8.連詞：不合句中的邏輯關(guān)系。如需轉(zhuǎn)折連詞(如but)的時(shí)候用了承接連詞(so)，或相反等等。

9.代詞：主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯(cuò)用。如男性用了女性代詞，單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反;應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格，主格或相反，關(guān)系代詞的錯(cuò)用或缺失。如只能用that引導(dǎo)的用了其它，或在不能用that的地方卻用了that，或是在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中漏掉了介詞等。

10.常用固定短語或固定用法及句型用錯(cuò)。